Treda (Neomycin Sulfate, Kaolin Colloidal, Pectin Citrus)

Active Ingredient: Neomycin Sulfate, Kaolin Colloidal, Pectin Citrus
Dosage: 129/280/30 mg
Route of Administration: Oral
Dosage Form: Tablets
Quantity per package: 20 pills
Availability: Out of Stock

Why is Treda not used in the USA?

Treda is not used in the USA mainly due to concerns about the side effects of neomycin when used as an oral treatment, which can include nephrotoxicity (kidney damage) and ototoxicity (hearing damage). The FDA often prefers drugs with a better side effect profile, especially for treating conditions like diarrhea which can often be managed with other therapies.

Alternative Drugs Used in the USA for Similar Conditions

In the United States, other medications are prescribed for acute diarrhea caused by bacterial infections, categorized by their primary active ingredients:

Antibiotics

Antimotility and Adsorbent Agents

These drugs are grouped based on their primary action—antibiotics to combat the bacterial cause of diarrhea, and antimotility/adsorbent agents to reduce the symptoms of diarrhea.

What is Treda?

Treda should be prescribed only to treat or prevent infections that are proven or strongly suspected to be caused by susceptible bacteria. Tablets containing Neomycin Sulfate is indicated as adjunctive therapy as part of a regimen for the suppression of the normal bacterial flora of the bowel, e.g., preoperative preparation of the bowel.

Here’s a breakdown of its components and their roles:

• Neomycin Sulfate: An antibiotic that helps reduce the growth of bacteria causing the infection.
• Kaolin Colloidal: A natural clay that absorbs toxins and substances in the gut, helping to soothe the gastrointestinal tract.
• Pectin Citrus: Derived from citrus fruits, pectin has a gelling effect that can help solidify loose stools.

Indications

Treda is indicated in the treatment of acute diarrhea, caused by susceptible strains of Escherichia coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Enterobacter and Proteus.

Popularity and Use in Specific Countries

Treda is popular in several countries, especially in regions where bacterial diarrhea is more common due to less stringent water and food safety standards. These countries include:

• Mexico: High prevalence of bacterial infections due to E. coli and other pathogens in food and water sources.
• India: Similar reasons as Mexico, with large populations exposed to unsanitary conditions contributing to the spread of bacterial gastroenteritis.
• Some parts of Africa: Where there’s a high incidence of waterborne diseases.

Dosage and administration

Treda is typically available in tablet form and the dosage depends on the severity of the symptoms, age, and specific medical advice from healthcare providers. The drug is taken orally.

• Children from 6 to 11 years: 1 tablet every 4 to 6 hours;
• Children over 12 years: 2 tablets every 4 to 6 hours;
• Adults: 2 tablets every 4 to 6 hours.

Contraindications

• Patients with intestinal obstruction and with idiosyncrasy to the components of the formula;
• Children under 6 years.

Side effects

In some cases, Treda can cause nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain. Below is a full list of side effects:

1. Allergic reactions: Some individuals may experience allergic reactions to one or more components of Treda, leading to symptoms such as rash, itching, swelling, dizziness, or difficulty breathing. It’s important to seek medical attention immediately if any signs of an allergic reaction occur.
2. Gastrointestinal disturbances: Common side effects may include nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps, or bloating. These symptoms may be mild and resolve on their own, but if they persist or worsen, medical advice should be sought.
3. Constipation: Kaolin colloidal, one of the components of Treda, can sometimes cause constipation as it absorbs excess water in the intestine, leading to hardened stools.
4. Diarrhea: Paradoxically, diarrhea may occur as a side effect of Treda use. This could be due to various factors including the disruption of normal gut flora by neomycin sulfate or other mechanisms.
5. Renal toxicity: Neomycin sulfate, an antibiotic in Treda, can rarely cause kidney damage, particularly with prolonged or high-dose use. Symptoms may include decreased urine output, swelling in the extremities, or changes in urination frequency or color.
6. Neurotoxicity: In some cases, neomycin sulfate may cause neurotoxicity, leading to symptoms such as dizziness, vertigo, or numbness and tingling sensations.
7. Hypersensitivity reactions: Some individuals may develop hypersensitivity reactions to neomycin sulfate, manifesting as fever, joint pain, or generalized malaise.
8. Superinfection: Prolonged or repeated use of antibiotics like neomycin sulfate can sometimes lead to the growth of resistant bacteria or fungi, causing secondary infections that require additional treatment.
9. Electrolyte imbalance: Diarrhea associated with Treda use can lead to electrolyte imbalances, particularly if it is severe or prolonged. This can manifest as symptoms like muscle weakness, irregular heartbeat, or changes in mental status.
10. Liver toxicity: Although rare, some individuals may experience liver toxicity as a result of using Treda, presenting as jaundice (yellowing of the skin or eyes), abdominal pain, or elevated liver enzymes in blood tests.

It’s important for patients to be aware of these potential side effects and to report any unusual symptoms to their healthcare provider promptly. Additionally, healthcare professionals should carefully consider the risks and benefits of Treda before prescribing it to patients, especially those with underlying medical conditions or who are taking other medications.

Overdose

There have been no reports of overdose. However, a high dose of neomycin can cause intestinal malabsorption and resistant strains. In those cases, treatment should be discontinued immediately.

Interaction

This drug may increase the effect of coumarin anticoagulants. It can partially inhibit the absorption of digoxin and penicillin. Below is a full list of interactions:

1. Antacids and laxatives: Concurrent use of antacids or laxatives containing magnesium, aluminum, or calcium compounds may reduce the effectiveness of Treda. These substances can bind to neomycin sulfate and decrease its absorption in the gastrointestinal tract, potentially reducing its efficacy.
2. Other antibiotics: Concurrent use of other antibiotics, particularly those with similar mechanisms of action or overlapping spectra of activity, may increase the risk of antibiotic resistance or additive toxicity. Caution is advised when combining Treda with other antibiotics, and careful monitoring for signs of adverse effects or decreased efficacy is warranted.
3. Immunosuppressants: Neomycin sulfate, an antibiotic in Treda, may interfere with the metabolism of immunosuppressant drugs such as cyclosporine or tacrolimus. This can lead to decreased blood levels of these medications and reduced therapeutic efficacy. Close monitoring of drug levels and adjustment of dosage may be necessary when Treda is used concomitantly with immunosuppressants.
4. Diuretics: Concurrent use of Treda with diuretic medications, such as loop diuretics (e.g., furosemide) or thiazide diuretics (e.g., hydrochlorothiazide), may increase the risk of electrolyte imbalances, particularly potassium depletion. Monitoring of electrolyte levels and renal function is recommended, and dosage adjustments may be necessary.
5. Oral anticoagulants: There have been reports of neomycin sulfate interfering with the absorption of oral anticoagulant medications such as warfarin, leading to decreased anticoagulant effect and increased risk of clotting. Close monitoring of prothrombin time (INR) is advisable when Treda is used concurrently with oral anticoagulants, and dosage adjustments may be necessary.
6. Methotrexate: Neomycin sulfate may reduce the absorption of methotrexate, potentially decreasing its efficacy. Concurrent use of Treda with methotrexate should be avoided or carefully monitored, and dosage adjustments may be necessary.
7. Probiotics: Concurrent use of probiotic supplements may reduce the effectiveness of Treda by replenishing gut flora that is susceptible to neomycin sulfate. While probiotics are sometimes used to prevent antibiotic-associated diarrhea, they should be taken at least 2 hours apart from Treda to minimize any potential interaction.
8. Antidiarrheal agents: Concurrent use of antidiarrheal medications, such as loperamide or diphenoxylate/atropine, may mask symptoms of diarrhea and potentially delay the clearance of pathogens from the gastrointestinal tract. This could prolong the duration of illness and increase the risk of complications. Therefore, caution is advised when using Treda in combination with antidiarrheal agents, and healthcare providers should weigh the potential risks and benefits.

Patients should inform their healthcare provider about all medications, supplements, and herbal products they are taking before starting Treda to minimize the risk of interactions. Additionally, healthcare professionals should monitor patients closely for signs of adverse effects or decreased efficacy when Treda is used concomitantly with other medications.